Ali Akhavan Behbahani; Irvan Masoudiasl; Somayeh Hessam; Mohesn Najafikhah
Volume 22, Issue 5 , 2020
Abstract
Background: Health legislation provides a framework to implement various health policies. Participatory democracy in healthcare is inevitable. Citizens and health professionals should participate in participatory democracy, and health laws should be the result of a process in which participatory ...
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Background: Health legislation provides a framework to implement various health policies. Participatory democracy in healthcare is inevitable. Citizens and health professionals should participate in participatory democracy, and health laws should be the result of a process in which participatory instruments and techniques have a prominent role. Health democracy can be achieved through the expansion of mechanisms for citizens participation in the legislative process. The health democracy enables citizens to participate in the decision-making process and to have equal access to services provided by the public health system.
Objectives: The current study aims to assess participatory mechanisms used by selected countries to participate their citizens in legislative processes.
Methods: The current study is a comparative study of the legislative processes of selected countries. To select countries, four issues were evaluated: (a) overall legal system; (b) how laws enforce; (c) legislative backgrounds; and (d) health system basic model.
Results: The number of legislative chambers, legislative initiatives, legislative authorities and institutions, legislative commissions, and citizens participation in the legislative process were analyzed in the selected countries. An analysis of the factors affecting public participation in healthcare legislation shows that participation in the legislative process is a complex phenomenon influenced by social, legal, cultural, political, and sovereignty factors. This phenomenon cannot be analyzed isolated from these factors. However, the way should be paved for citizens' participation. The selected countries use different methods for citizens participation, depending on their legal systems.
Conclusions: Research results show that there are various public participation mechanisms. In Iran, there is a huge potential for public participation, and members of the parliament can easily interact with the interest groups and relevant individuals. These conditions provide a golden opportunity for expert health legislation.
Irvan Masoudiasl; Shaghayeh Vahdat; Somayeh Hessam; Shahaboddin Shamshirband; Hamid Alinejad-Rokny
Volume 21, Issue 9 , 2019, Pages 1-11
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, which has not been completely cured yet. The traditional ap- proaches have low accuracy for breast cancer detection. However, intelligent techniques have been recently used in medical re- search to distinguish infected individuals from healthy ...
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Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women, which has not been completely cured yet. The traditional ap- proaches have low accuracy for breast cancer detection. However, intelligent techniques have been recently used in medical re- search to distinguish infected individuals from healthy ones, accurately.Objectives: In this study, we aim to develop an ensemble machine learning (ML) method to distinguish tumor samples from healthy samples robustly.Methods: We used an Imperial Competitive Algorithm coupled with a Fuzzy System (ICA-Fuzzy-SR) to identify the most influencing features to recognize tumor samples. To evaluate the proposed method, we used the publicly available Wisconsin Breast Cancer Dataset (WBCD).Results: Benchmarking with the current existing leading methods indicates that our proposed method achieves 95.45% prediction accuracy, which is 3% better than those reported in previous studies.Conclusions: Such results achieve while our model is significantly faster than previously proposed models to solve this problem.
